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COMMENTS
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Closing/Evaluation - Directing client to state their new personal goals,
providing a summary of the session. |
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Ethics - Following
a set of ethical guidelines provided by a profession organization; making
appropriate ethical decisions |
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Opening
- General comments introducing the session |
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Silence
- Allowing purposeful, quiet reflection during the session |
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Specific techniques - Counseling intervention used to assist the client
in deeper understanding of the concern: imagery or empty chair, snap shot,
role play, relaxation psychodrama |
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INFLUENCING SKILLS
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Advice giving – Providing statements to the client, indicating
what they “should” do or change in their behavior Avoid |
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Minus points |
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Blocking/redirecting – intervene without seeming to be attacking, to
stop counter-productive behaviors in the session such as gossiping,
storytelling, and intellectualizing and using “you” |
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Clarifying - Eliminating confusion of issues by seeking clearer
understanding of the client’s words |
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Confronting incongruity – Pointing out discrepancies between words, behaviors,
or thoughts |
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Exploration or meaning of concerns - Exploring the concern or issue further with the
individual |
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Exploring options - Assisting the client in creating a myriad of options
for their concern; assessing the possibilities and plan of action surrounding
each option |
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Feedback- Offering information to the client concerning attitude
and behavior such as “Last week you came here with crumpled clothes and
today I see you have washed your hair and clothes.” |
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Focusing or noting a theme – noting similarities with individual’s stories,
connecting what individuals are not saying, or noting what an individual
is doing outside the group and what they are saying inside the group. |
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Generalization to life – Transferring learned concepts, ideas, information
from the session to life in general |
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Interpretation/reframing – Presenting a new frame of reference of a concern
possibly through different theoretical orientations; “It may be that the death of your mother forces
you to be alone with yourself and your own fears.” |
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Immediacy here-&-now – Using present tense when identifying, exploring
current feelings, thoughts, behaviors or experiences in the session
(presently) |
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Joining/Noting a connection - Tying comments made together as commonalities,
commenting upon or connecting then and there behavior with here and now
behavior |
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Logical Consequences – Exploring the consequences of the client’s actions
or solutions |
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Perception Check (Playing a hunch) - A periodic moment to ask or note if your perceptions
or ideas about the concern are accurate; “I am perceiving
a lot of anger concerning you sister and mother’s relationship? |
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Process Counseling - Helping the members understand special themes
and dynamics involved in the presenting the session’s dynamic or stages |
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Review of Plan – Organizing the desired outcome into a plan and
reviewing it with the interviewee |
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Self-disclosure – Offering relevant, helpful and appropriate information
for the purpose of client’s insight |
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5 BASIC LISTENING SKILLS
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Behavioral Description - Stating behavior or mannerism;
“I see by your tears that you are angry.” |
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Questions – Open ended - Asking global questions for the purpose of receiving
maximum or infinite amount of information (Who, What, Where, When?) Avoid bombarding members
with questions ???? |
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Questions - Closed end - Used to obtain a finite amount of information,
yes or no or age, address Avoid |
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Minus points |
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Paraphrasing - Actively re-phrasing in the counselor’s own words
and perceptions what has been stated. |
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Reflecting feelings - Restating member’s or group’s collective feelings |
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Summary Content/Feeling - Paraphrasing a cluster of themes
or topics during the session providing transition and/or closure
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ATTENDING SKILLS --3Vs’ + B (Visuals, Vocals, Verbal
following & Body Language/Behavior)
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Empathy/Rapport - Behaviors and attitudes indicating
understanding and active listening
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Encouraging - An occasional word or “uh,
uh” encouraging the member to continue
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Nonverbal tracking - Using body gestures and positions
to mirror an individual
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Pacing/Leading - Allowing the client to direct
the interview flow by counselor matching of words and verbal intonation;
counselor directing when interview flow needs transition
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Respect - Offering genuine acknowledgment of the interviewee’s
concerns |
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Verbal tracking - Consistent following of verbal direction and themes
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Directions/statements – Describing a task(s) for the interviewee to complete
(general directions, information) |
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